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《肿瘤瞭望》:您在报告中提出了尽早通过局部治疗来减少转移瘤免疫耐受的诱导。近年来,在原发性肝癌系统治疗基础上,联合介入、消融等局部治疗已经成为新的探索方向,但还没有形成标准。您在临床实践中会如何选择局部+系统治疗的模式?
范卫君教授:除了手术切除以外,肝癌的局部治疗还包括肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)、经动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)、经动脉放射栓塞(TARE,钇-90治疗)以及冷冻或射频消融等。这些局部治疗适用于不同类型的肝癌,不良反应也各有差异。临床上可以根据肿瘤的部位、大小、数目、癌栓、肝功能等情况进行选择。局部治疗的技术越来越丰富,也越来越成熟。
介入、消融等除了可以达到快速的局部病灶控制以外,也会改变肝脏肿瘤的微环境。比如肿瘤局部坏死可以促进抗原物质的释放,从而增加肿瘤的免疫原性;介入治疗后也会增加VEGF表达,改变微血管密度(MVD)。因此,在局部治疗基础上联合系统治疗也可以发挥协同作用,从而进一步改善患者的远期生存。
目前,国内外已经进行了很多这方面的探索,在TACE或HAIC等介入治疗基础上联合靶向治疗或联合靶免治疗可以进一步提高疗效,改善患者生存。比如2021年APPLE大会报道的TACTICS-LEN研究中,TACE+仑伐替尼治疗BCLC A/B患者的ORR达75.8%;2021年ASCO大会报道的LTHAIC研究中,HAIC+特瑞普利单抗+仑伐替尼一线治疗可以获得66.7%的ORR,中位PFS也达到了10.5个月。这样的局部+系统治疗探索还有很多,随着循证医学证据的积累,将为中晚期肝癌患者提供更多新的治疗标准。
ΔLTHAIC研究:HAIC+特瑞普利单抗+仑伐替尼一线治疗晚期肝癌的PFS、DOR、OS及肿瘤反应(引自:MinKe He, et al. ASCO2021)
总之,局部治疗主要针对中晚期患者,临床上可以根据不同形态、部位特征的肿瘤进行选择。在局部治疗基础上联合仑伐替尼等靶向治疗、靶免治疗,可以进一步提高疗效,改善患者生存。换句话说,我们可以考虑将这些主要针对晚期疾病的系统治疗,提前到中晚期患者的局部治疗中,这是未来肝癌治疗的重要发展方向。尤其是随着仑伐替尼进入医保、可及性改善,将会有更多基于仑伐替尼的“局部+系统”治疗探索,惠及更多肝癌患者。
仑伐替尼携手介入、免疫共铸抗癌“利剑“,重磅研究亮相ESMO 2021
国内前沿研究
1.938P - 一项前瞻性、II期试验用以评估KN046联合仑伐替尼(LEN)在治疗晚期不可切除或转移性肝细胞癌中的疗效及安全性
KN046 (an anti-PD-L1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody) in combination with Lenvatinib in the treatment for advanced unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): preliminary efficacy and safety results of a prospective phase II trial
BaoCai Xing
Beijing, China
2.948P - 基于MRI提取的肿瘤放射数据,用以预测LEN联合 PD-1 单抗在不可切除肝细胞癌(uHCC)治疗中的疗效
Predicting the efficacy of lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 antibodies in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) using radiomics features of tumors extracted from baseline MRI
Huichuan Sun
Shanghai, China
3.945P - LEN联合TACE,用于术后具有高复发风险的肝细胞癌患者辅助治疗:多中心前瞻性队列研究的最新结果
Adjuvant Lenvatinib in combination with TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with high risk of postoperative relapse (LANCE): updated results from a multi-center perspective cohort study
Jinhong Chen
Shanghai, China
国外前沿研究
1.937P - LEN联合HAIC治疗晚期肝细胞癌的多中心II期研究
Multicenter Phase II trial of lenvatinib plus hepatic intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with cisplatin for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: LEOPARD
Masafumi Ikeda
Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
2.506TiP - 帕博利珠单抗联合LEN对比SoC后线治疗转移性结直肠癌的III期研究
Pembrolizumab Plus Lenvatinib Versus Standard of Care for Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): Phase 3 LEAP-017 Study
Takayuki Yoshino
Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
3.726MO - LEN联合帕博利珠单抗相比医生选择的治疗,基于组织学和一线治疗在晚期子宫内膜癌患者中的疗效
Outcomes by Histology and Prior Therapy with Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab vs Treatment of Physician’s Choice in Patients with Advanced Endometrial Cancer (Study 309/KEYNOTE-775)
Nicoletta Colombo
Milan, Italy
4.717TiP - MK-1308A+LEN与帕博利珠单抗+Belzutifan+LEN或与帕博利珠单抗+LEN作为晚期肾透明细胞癌一线治疗的III期试验
Randomized, Open-Label, 3-Arm Phase 3 Study Comparing MK-1308A + Lenvatinib and Pembrolizumab (Pembro) + Belzutifan + Lenvatinib versus Pembro + Lenvatinib as First line (1L) Treatment for Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC)
Brian I. Rini
Cleveland, OH, United States of America
5.8P - 同源小鼠模型中与LEN联合 PD-1 单抗抗肿瘤活性相关的肿瘤特征
The characterization of tumors associated with the antitumor activity of lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 antibody combination therapy in a mouse syngeneic model panel
Yoichi Ozawa
Tsukuba, Japan
6.1555TiP - 帕博利珠单抗联合LEN后线治疗经典卡波西肉瘤的研究
A Phase II single-arm study of PembrolizUmab plus Lenvatinib in previously treated classic Kaposi SARcoma (CKS): the PULSAR trial.
Alice Indini
Milan, Italy
7.640TiP - 帕博利珠单抗联合LEN治疗转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌(mCRPC)或治疗神经内分泌性mCRPC患者的1b/II期研究
Phase 1b/2 Trial of Pembrolizumab (pembro) + Lenvatinib Combination Therapy in Patients (pts) With Adenocarcinoma Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) or Treatment-Emergent Neuroendocrine mCRPC (t-NE): KEYNOTE-365 Cohorts E and
Gero Kramer
Vienna, Austria
8.796P - LEN联合帕博利珠单抗治疗晚期子宫内膜癌 (EC) 的生物标志物与临床结果之间的关联
Association Between Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes of Lenvatinib (L) + Pembrolizumab (P) in Advanced Endometrial Cancer (EC): Results From KEYNOTE-146/Study 111
Vicky Makker
New York City, United States of America
9.571P - LEN在晚期放射性碘难治性分化型甲状腺癌 (rDTC) 患者中的疗效和耐药性的真实单中心回顾性研究
Real-life monocentric, retrospective study on efficacy and tolerability of Lenvatinib (Len) in patients (pts) with advanced radioactive iodine–refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (rDTC).
Stefania Zovato
Padova, Italy
10.1746P - 一项针对接受不同起始剂量LEN治疗的放射性碘难治性分化型甲状腺癌患者的II期研究---健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)分析
Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) analyses from Study 211—a phase 2 study in patients (pts) with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC) treated with 2 starting doses of lenvatinib (LEN)
Matthew H. Taylor
Portland, United States of America
11.660P - 晚期肾细胞癌 (aRCC) 的 III 期 CLEAR 试验:亚组结果和毒性更新
Phase 3 CLEAR Trial in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (aRCC): Outcomes in Subgroups and Toxicity Update
Toni K. Choueiri
Boston, United States of America
12.667P - 免疫抑制剂联合靶向疗法治疗转移性肾细胞癌的成本效益
Cost Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Combination with Targeted Therapies in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Neil Mason
Tampa, United States of America
13.677P - 免疫疗法与舒尼替尼作为一线治疗晚期高危肾细胞癌患者的随机临床试验的荟萃分析
Immunotherapy vs sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma in favourable risk patients. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Ray Manneh Kopp
Valledupar, Atlantico, Colombia